kamniroИсследования водных биологических ресурсов Камчатки и северо-западной части Тихого океанаThe researches of the aquatic biological resources of Kamchatka and the North-West Part of the Pacific Ocean2072-82122782-6236«КамчатНИРО»10.15853/2072-8212.2024.73.63-79QQLMFPkamniro-259Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ НАУЧНЫЕ СТАТЬИFULL ARTICLESОпыт получения полиплоидной тихоокеанской устрицы Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg, 1793) методом теплового шокаExperimental obtaining the polyploid Pacifi c oyster Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg, 1793) via a heat shockhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7058-3449ЛесковаС. Е.LeskovaS. E.

Лескова Светлана Евгеньевна - канд. биол. наук, доцент кафедры водных биоресурсов и аквакультурыВладивосток

Svetlana E. Leskova – Ph. D. (Biology), Assistant Professor of the Department of Water Bioresources and Aquaculture 

Vladivostok

svetaleskova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2214-2969СиненкоА. В.SinenkoA. V.

 Синенко Анастасия Вячеславовна - ассистент кафедры клеточной биологии и генетики ИМО ДВФУ

Владивосток

Anastasiya V. Sinenko – Assistant of the Department of Cell Biology and Genetics

Vladivostok

sinenko.avia@dvfu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0063-3137АнисимоваА. А.AnisimovaA. A.

Анисимова Анна Алимовна - канд. биол. наук, доцент кафедры клеточной биологии и генетики

Владивосток

Anna A. Anisimova – Ph.D. (Biology), Assistant Professor of the Department of Cell Biology and Genetics

Vladivostok

anisan77@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7100-7208КовалевН. Н.KovalevN. N.

 Ковалев Николай Николаевич - доктор биол. наук, профессор кафедры биохимии и биотехнологии 

Владивосток

Nikolay N. Kovalev – Doctor of Biology, Professor of the Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology

Vladivostok

kovalevnn61@yandex.ruДальневосточный государственный технический рыбохозяйственный университет (Дальрыбвтуз)РоссияFar Eastern State Technical Fisheries University (Dalrybvtuz)Russian FederationИнститут Мирового океана Дальневосточного федерального университета (ИМО ДВФУ)РоссияInstitute of the World Ocean, Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU)Russian Federation2024031020240736379Copyright © Лескова С.Е., Синенко А.В., Анисимова А.А., Ковалев Н.Н., 20242024Лескова С.Е., Синенко А.В., Анисимова А.А., Ковалев Н.Н.Leskova S.E., Sinenko A.V., Anisimova A.A., Kovalev N.N.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://kamniro.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/259

Впервые в практике дальневосточной аквакультуры апробирован метод тепловой индукции организменной полиплоидии у тихоокеанской устрицы Crassostrea gigas. Через 25 мин после оплодотворения был произведен экспериментальный блок мейоза путем кратковременного (3 мин) воздействия температуры 32 ºС. Для оценки эффективности использования данного метода в товарном производстве тихоокеанской устрицы проведены исследования выживаемости, роста и развития контрольных и экспериментальных личинок (группы 2N и 3N соответственно) в заводских условиях, а также изучена двухлетняя динамика роста молоди в бух. Воевода о-ва Русский (зал. Петра Великого, Японское море). Методом проточной цитометрии содержания ДНК в гемоцитах в группе 3N идентифицировали 35% триплоидов, 22,5% тетраплоидов и 40% гетероплоидов. Максимальный весовой прирост устриц в группе 3N (0,34 г/сут) наблюдали на втором году жизни в летний период, максимальную скорость линейного роста (1,55 мм/сут) — в сентябре второго года. В группе 2N соответствующие показатели составили 0,31 г/сут и 1,47 мм/сут. Через 22 месяца 57,9% диплоидов и 80,9% полиплоидов достигли товарных размеров. Общий вес устриц в группе 3N составил 124,6 ± 2,7 г, что на 43% больше, чем в группе 2N.

Method of thermal induction was tested for the first time in the practice of Far Eastern aquaculture to obtain polyploid Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Experimental blocking of meiosis was performed 25 min after fertilisation by brief (3 min) exposure to the temperature of 32 oC. Efficiency of the method was evaluated with assessment of survival, growth and development of control and experimental larvae (groups 2N and 3N, respectively) in conditions of plant. Growth rate of juvenile Crassostrea gigas in Voyevoda Bay, Russky Island (Peter the Great Bay, the Sea of Japan) during two years was studied also. The content of DNA in haemocytes evaluated using flow cytometry revealed 35% triploids, 22.5% tetraploids and 40% heteroploids in the group 3N. The maximum weight increment in this group (0.34 g/day) was observed in summer at the second year of life, and the maximum linear growth rate (1.55 mm/day) – in September at the second year. The values for the group 2N were 0.31 g/day and 1.47 mm/day respectively. After 22 months, 57.9% of diploid and 80.9% of polyploid oysters reached their commercial size. The total weight of oysters in the group 3N was 124.6 ± 2.7 g, what was 43% more compared to the group 2N.

тихоокеанская устрицаиндуцированная полиплоидиятемпературный методтриплоидностьпроточная цитометрияличиночное развитиеразмерный составвесовой составвесовой ростлинейный ростPacific oysterinduced polyploidytemperature methodtriploidyflow cytometrylarval developmentsize compositionweight compositionweight growthlinear growthРабота выполнена при финансовой поддержке ДВФУ (Программа стратегического академического лидерства «Приоритет-2030»: Мировой океан, по инициативной тематике № 23-05-1.06-0016 по теме в рамках реализации проекта «Технологии контроля состояния здоровья и улучшения показателей роста объектов аквакультуры») и предприятия марикультуры ООО «Дальстам-Марин»The work was carried out with the financial support of FEFU (Strategic Academic Leadership Program “Priority-2030”: World Ocean, under the initiative theme № 23-05-1.06-0016 under the project “Technologies for health control and improvement of growth indicators of aquaculture objects”) and the mariculture enterprise “Dahlstam-Marin” LLC.ReferencesАлимов А.Ф. 1981. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.