COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS FOR SPECIES COMPOSITION OF THE CATCHES FROM DIFFERENT FISHING GEARS NEAR THE WEST COAST OF KAMCHATKA IN 2003–2017

Comparative analysis was carried out for species composition of the catches from major types of fishing gears near the west coast of Kamchatka (in the Kamchatka-Kuril and West-Kamchatka subzones) based on the data of the sectoral fisheries monitoring system (OSM) of the Federal Agency for Fishery and the research data from fishing vessels for 2003–2017. The major fishing gears analyzed were midwater trawls (75.5%), Danish seins (19.1%) and bottom longlines (2.3%). The data available were analyzed in view of possible perspective of changing the target fishery permits into the multispecies permits for aquatic biological resources. An optimal block of species was suggested for each of the major gears. For instance, in the first stage of forming a complex (multispecies) permit for the midwater trawl fishing in the West Kamchatka subzone it is enought to include only two species – pollock and herring into the pool in the approximate ratio 50 ± 5% and 50 ± 5%, as for the Kamchatka-Kuril subzone – one walleye pollock is recommended. The part of the other species fits the terms of 2% by-catch allowed by the “Fishery Rules…”, 2014. Based on the averaged percantage of the main commercial species in catches according to the OSM and scientific observation data, the block of species for the Danish seine fishing permits should include: pollock – 48%, flounders – 24%, cod – 13%, saffron cod – 10% and sculpins – 5%. The volume of other species amswers the terms of 2% by-catch allowed. The optimal fishing gear now to applicate the principle of the blocked quotas is the bottom longline. The block in the fishing permit can vary depending on the target species. In the target fishing of Pacific cod the block can be like this: cod – 78%, halibut – 13%, stingrays – 4%, grenadiers and sculpins – 3 and 1% respectively. In the target talibut fishing the block in the permit can look like: halibut – 88%, grenadiers – 6%, stingrays – 4%, rockfish – 1%. Analysis of specifics of forming the blocks for the permits, including the target species, was provided for all gears considered.

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